ABSTRACT
As a therapeutic tool high dilutions (HDs) are always at the center of controversies due to problems to validate them as a function of Avogadros number. Nevertheless, homeopathy is practiced around the world as a complementary and alternative medicine. The present study sought to evaluate HDs of homeopathic drug Ferrum metallicum (Ferr) 6, 30, 200, 1M, 10Mc and 50Mc, all of which except for 6c surpass Avogadros number. Using HRTEM and EDS it was conclusively shown that: 1) all the investigated HDs of Ferr contained plenty of nanoparticles (NPs); 2) the size of NPs were within the quantum dots (QD) size range, except for 50Mc, in which larger particles were found (12.61nm); 3) NPs contained iron in various weight percentages; 4) the weight percentage of iron was highest in HDs 10Mc and 50Mc...
Subject(s)
Humans , High Potencies , Ferrum Metallicum/therapeutic use , Avogadro Limits , Nanoparticles , Quantum Dots , Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission , Microscopy, Electron, TransmissionABSTRACT
As a therapeutic tool high dilutions (HDs) are always at the center of controversies due to problems to validate them as a function of Avogadros number. Nevertheless, homeopathy is practiced around the world as a complementary and alternative medicine. The present study sought to evaluate HDs of homeopathic drug Ferrum metallicum (Ferr) 6, 30, 200, 1M, 10Mc and 50Mc, all of which except for 6c surpass Avogadros number. Using HRTEM and EDS it was conclusively shown that: 1) all the investigated HDs of Ferr contained plenty of nanoparticles (NPs); 2) the size of NPs were within the quantum dots (QD) size range, except for 50Mc, in which larger particles were found (12.61nm); 3) NPs contained iron in various weight percentages; 4) the weight percentage of iron was highest in HDs 10Mc and 50Mc. (AU)
Subject(s)
Avogadro Limits , Ferrum Metallicum/therapeutic use , High Potencies , Nanoparticles , Quantum Dots , Microscopy, Electron, Transmission , Spectrometry, X-Ray EmissionABSTRACT
Este artículo define con claridad uno de los postulados fundamentales de la Homeopatía, el cual se refiere a la dosis infinitesimal, un concepto que en el área de matemáticas es una cantidad tan pequeña que no puede ser pesada o medida por los medios usuales de la física. En el caso de la Homeopatía, se entiende que una dinamización que no contenga alguna molécula de la sustancia primaria activa no puede ser medida, lo que ocurre de acuerdo con la físico-química cuando se alcanza el Número de Avogadro. Dicha situación ocurrirá cuando exista la desconcentración equivalente a 1/1023, es decir, la dinamización 23X. Este trabajo relata, asimismo, los postulados de investigadores como Perrin, Rutherford, Planck y Millikan, y establece la posibilidad de que la sustancia primaria contenga iones desde el momento en que inicia la dinamización, lo cual haría que dicho componente conservara sus propiedades a altísimos niveles de dilución. (AU)
This article clearly defines one of the fundamental postulates of homeopathy, which refers to the infinitesimal doses, a concept that in the area of mathematics is such a small amount that cant be weighed or measured by the usual means of physical. In the case of Homeopathy, energizing means that any molecule that does not contain the primary active substance cant be measured, which occurs according to the physicochemical when reaching the Avogadro number. This situation will occur when there is a concentration equivalent to 1/1023, that is to say the dynamic 23X. This paper describes also the tenets of researchers like Perrin, Rutherford, Planck and Millikan, and establishes the possibility that the primary substancecontaining ions from the moment you start the revitalization, which would make such component towering retain their properties dilution levels. (AU)
Subject(s)
Small Doses , Avogadro Limits , Action Mode of Homeopathic Remedies , Potency , Decimal Scale , Homeopathic RemedyABSTRACT
Este artículo define con claridad uno de los postulados fundamentales de la Homeopatía, el cual se refiere a la dosis infinitesimal, un concepto que en el área de matemáticas es una cantidad tan pequeña que no puede ser pesada o medida por los medios usuales de la física. En el caso de la Homeopatía, se entiende que una dinamización que no contenga alguna molécula de la sustancia primaria activa no puede ser medida, lo que ocurre de acuerdo con la físico-química cuando se alcanza el Número de Avogadro. Dicha situación ocurrirá cuando exista la desconcentración equivalente a 1/1023, es decir, la dinamización 23X. Este trabajo relata, asimismo, los postulados de investigadores como Perrin, Rutherford, Planck y Millikan, y establece la posibilidad de que la sustancia primaria contenga iones desde el momento en que inicia la dinamización, lo cual haría que dicho componente conservara sus propiedades a altísimos niveles de dilución.
This article clearly defines one of the fundamental postulates of homeopathy, which refers to the infinitesimal doses, a concept that in the area of mathematics is such a small amount that cant be weighed or measured by the usual means of physical. In the case of Homeopathy, energizing means that any molecule that does not contain the primary active substance cant be measured, which occurs according to the physicochemical when reaching the Avogadro number. This situation will occur when there is a concentration equivalent to 1/1023, that is to say the dynamic 23X. This paper describes also the tenets of researchers like Perrin, Rutherford, Planck and Millikan, and establishes the possibility that the primary substancecontaining ions from the moment you start the revitalization, which would make such component towering retain their properties dilution levels.
